Cold Fusion Reactor (CFR) tests with Palladium Cathode

Cold Fusion Reactor tests with Palladium
created on May 8, 2003 - JLN Labs - Last update June 25, 2003Toutes les informations et schémas sont publiés gratuitement ( freeware ) et sont destinés à un usage personnel et non commercial
All informations and diagrams are published freely (freeware) and are intended for a private use and a non commercial use.

---

1 - Tests of the Cold Fusion Reactor with a Palladium cathode - Description :

The purpose of this test is to use a Palladium ( Pd ) cathode with the Cold Fusion Reactor ( CFR ). Two tests runs have been conducted with 600 mL of a Potassium Carbonate ( K₂CO₃ ) solution at 0.2M. The first test run have been conducted with the CFR v3 setup ( with a 1000 mL Dewar vessel ) and the second run with the CFR v2 ( with a 1000 mL borosilicate glass ). The CFR effect observed with this Palladium cathode is still present but weaker ( at a same level of power ) than with a Tungsten cathode. So, I present in this page the photos of the Test run#2 with the borosilicate glass for a better view of the glowing cathode in action.

The Cathode used is a pure Palladium rod ( Pd ) 4 mm diameter with 30 mm of used length. The Anode used is a Titanium Platinized grid ( 40x80mm ).

---

2 - Experimental test setup :

The CFR is powered with a DC voltage through a bridge rectifier connected through a variable transformer ( Variac ) to the 220V AC power grid line. The voltage input has been measured with a digital oscilloscope Fluke 123 with a Shielded Test Lead STL 120 ( 1:1, 1 Mohms/225 pF ). The current input has been measured with a current clamp CIE Model CA-60A ( Accuracy DC Amps ±1.5%, AC Amps±2% (40Hz-2kHz), AC Amps±4%(2kHz-10kHz), AC Amps±6%(10kHz-20kHz) ). The temperature has been measured with a type "K" temp probe ( NiCrNi ) connected on a VC506 digital multimeter ( -20°C to +1200 °C with an accuracy of +/- 3% ). ( see the photo above ).

---

3 - RUN #1 - Test results ( with a 1000 mL Dewar ):

Electrolyte solution : 600 mL of K2CO3 ( 0.2 M ), ELECTRICAL INPUT : AVG POWER = 778.4 Watts, Voltage : 211.3 Volts RUNNING TIME = 85.6 secELECTRICAL ENERGY INPUT at the CFR input = 66631 Joules CFR OUTPUT : Start Temp = 83°C - Final Temp = 100°C Evaporated water = 28 mL, Delta T = 17°C CFR ENERGY OUTPUT = 105916 Joules  Pwr OUT = 1237.3.3 Watts - Power Gain = 458.9 Watts COP = Output/Input = 1.59

4 - RUN #2 - Test results ( with a 1000 mL borosilicate glass ):

Electrolyte solution : 600 mL of K2CO3 ( 0.2 M ), ELECTRICAL INPUT : AVG POWER = 767.7 Watts, Voltage : 200.9 Volts RUNNING TIME = 88 secELECTRICAL ENERGY INPUT at the CFR input = 66631 Joules CFR OUTPUT : Start Temp = 76°C - Final Temp = 96°C Evaporated water = 28 mL, Delta T = 20°C CFR ENERGY OUTPUT = 105916 Joules  Pwr OUT = 1289.1 Watts - Power Gain = 521.4 Watts COP = Output/Input = 1.68

Notes from Jean-Louis Naudin : In spite of the voltage and the current used, with a Palladium cathode, the high temperature glow plasma around the cathode seems weaker than with a Tungsten cathode ( see the photos ). The palladium rod doesn't reach a full incandescent state and its seems that a higher voltage is required to get the same efficiency than with the Tungsten. More tests runs with different setups must be soon conducted.

See the video of the CFR test with a Palladium cathode

To see the video, the free downloadable RealPlayer is required 
You may download free the RealPlayer 8 Basic at : http://proforma.real.com/real/player/blackjack.html

Click on the picture above to see the video (570 Kb )

---

I am very grateful to the Professor Pierre Clauzon for his contribution to the CFR project and his help during some CFR tests runs and also to the Professor Jean-François Fauvarque and Gérard Lallevé from the "Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Industrielle" of the CNAM ( Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers ) from Paris, for their scientific support and their contribution to this project.

Read more »

Nanotechnology to Enhance Cold Fusion

Arata Solid State Fusion Device in Japanese Laboratory


(click illustrations above to enlarge)

[Updated] As a nuclear engineer with a strong interest in nanotechnology for many years, there aren't many cold fusion devices that I've seen and read about over the years that excite me as much as the potential of Dr. Yoshiaki Arata's solid state fusion reactor which uses Palladium nanoparticles to help initiate his cold fusion reaction process, which creates He4, the gas found in children's balloons from Deuterium gas (a readily available hydrogen isotope). What is also released in the process is heat energy from fusion. No small accomplishment as any physicist would tell you, because this process should be impossible according to the known laws of nuclear physics and chemistry.

What is also significant besides excess heat generated [ awaiting confirmation according to latest news update], is that if his process could somehow be scaled up in large volumes, perhaps ...just perhaps it may be a way to replace Helium supplies someday, which according to the latest reports is becoming a scarce non-renewable resource, often times released to the atmosphere as natural gas is collected along with fossil fuels. The US strategic Helium reserves are also known to be a finite supply, and despite this are now being sold off to meet supply needs of the scientific and commercial sectors.

If any cold fusion fans have read Dr. Arata's earlier important papers on this device, first published in 2006 in a very reputable Italian journal found here, then you would probably agree that an announcement like this is significant from the standpoint that it shows for the first time his actual prototype laboratory device and that he is now demonstrating it in public as also reported here in an interview by New Energy Times.

The Atomic Motor would like to send out an atomic guitar hero award to Dr. Arata and other fellow scientists who diligently keep trying and making significant progress against all odds in keeping the clean energy cold fusion spirit alive.

This latest story was first reported here at the LENR.org community web site:

Prof. Y. Arata Plans Demonstration at Osaka University

May 14, 2008

Osaka National University Prof. emeritus Yoshiaki Arata has announced a lecture and demonstration of his latest cold fusion reactor, on May 22, 2008, starting at 1:30 p.m. (subject to change). A photo of the reactor is shown below. The lecture will be on the 1st floor of Arata Hall on the university campus, and the demonstration will be later, on the 3rd floor. (Note that Arata Hall is named after Prof. Arata, who is one Japan's leading scientists, with honors including a building named after him at the university, and an award from the Japanese Emperor in 2006.)

Contact. A. Kobayashi, Tel 06-6879-8694

Atomic Links
[New] Update on Arata Demo- Physics World Blog
Italian Newspaper Features Arata Reactor - ILSOLE24ORE.COM ( Translate Italian URL Here ) 
Inconvenient Truths: Rethink What it Means to Be Green - Wired
Teen Finds Way to Decompose Trash Bags in Three Months - Tree Hugger
Stopping the Exodus of Women in Science - Harvard Business Review
Silicon Nanowire Solar Cell - Make: Blog
Italy Opts for New Nuclear Power Program - Red Orbit
Burning Our Way Towards Fusion - Popular Science

Read more »

Alternative sun model based on liquid-plasma

Has anyone looked into alternative sun models? The assertions are interesting and I suspect recent liquid deuterium experiments covered by the media are supporting evidence.

http://www.thesurfaceofthesun.com/

http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0410075

I sketched out a simple fusion reactor based on the liquid-plasma model if anyone is interested. (attached)

Read more »

KAPAGEN, the Tariel Kapanadze's generator

KAPAGEN, the Tariel Kapanadze's generator
by Jean-Louis Naudin
created on may 28, 2010 - JLN Labs - Last update July 5, 2010
Toutes les informations et schémas sont publiés gratuitement ( freeware ) et sont destinés à un usage personnel et non commercial
All informations and diagrams are published freely (freeware) and are intended for a private use and a non commercial use.

---

The purpose of these series of experiments is to try to understand the working principle of the Tariel Kapanadze generator presented in his demo video and also to share in realtime the results of my findings through this web page.

My current Kapanadze generator v3.2 is only an attempt of replication of the Tariel's original device based on the Nikola Tesla fuelless generator.

WARNING !!! WARNING !!!

Due to the presence of High Voltage and the High Power output of the Kapagen, users of this document should be very carefull and experienced in High-Voltage electronics to try anything out ! If you do it, the risk of any result is just yours. I take no responsibility of anything that might happen.

Testing such a device needs a lot of caution and the use of safety procedures, the experimenter must be very skilled in the use of High Voltage at High Power...

PROJECT LOG BOOK

The Worldwide Kapagen experiment replications Last published replication July 2nd, 2010

July 2nd, 2010 - New measurements of the Power INPUT of the Kapagen v3.3

June 30, 2010 - Power OUTPUT measured on the Kapagen v3.3

June 22, 2010 - Very interesting test with the Kapagen v3.3

June 7, 2010 - 2100 Watts of light at the output

June 5, 2010 - 1200 Watts of light at the output

June 1st, 2010 - More power with the version 3.2: up to 420 Watts the output

May 31, 2010 - First successful test of the KAPAGEN v3 with a 150 W halogen lamp

May 28, 2010 - begining of the Kapagen project

IMHO, I think that the working principle of the Tariel Kapanadze generator is to suck the free electrons from the Earth. The Earth is a big capacitor which contains free electric charges. If it is possible to create or to find a potential imbalance between two points in the ground, it seems possible to suck additional electrons from the ground and thus to create an increase of the current flow through a wire connected between these two points. Early in his researches in Colorado Springs, Nikola Tesla wanted to collect free energy from the Earth capacitor between the ground and the ionosphere by the use of a parametric resonance with the TMT project (read the Colorado Springs notes from 1899). Later, Tesla has also found that it is possible to do the same process with only the use of the ground by using the natural imbalance of the ground potential produced by the telluric currents flow underground and Tesla has found that this can be done by the use of an asymmetric displacement of current...  

"Minimal work is done in the system due to absence of translational movement in the displacement current. As small heat losses occurs, oscillations are maintained by the surplus charge stored in the coil. Very low energy expenditure allows power delivery to a load over an extended time period without an external fuel supply. After an initial input of energy from an outside source, Tesla's new electrical generator would operate as a fuelless device." from "The Second Law Thermodynamics and Tesla's Fuelless Generator" by Oliver Nichelson  

Today, I am not able to say if my Kapagen v3.2 is fully in line with this principle above, because this is only the beginning of my research project, this is my main purpose and I explore this path as long as I continue to found something interesting, stay tuned...

To help me to find the imbalance of the ground potential on the surface of the Earth induced by underground telluric currents, I have built and I use a kind of surface tellurmeter (a low impedance electrometer), see a photo and the diagram of my device...

From "The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Tesla's Fuelless Generator" by Oliver Nichelson

All the halogen lamps are protected by surge arrestors EPCOS 230V, this avoids to burn their tungsten filaments.

I have used halogen light bulbs with a strong tungsten filament.
The pulsed power is very strong and the use of halogen lamps is better than common incandescent lamps.

To work properly, the Kapagen requires two earth ground connections 10 meters spaced.
The power tapped depends on the weather conditions and the underground current flow...

The spark gap of the Kapagen (0.9 mm to 1.2 mm gap)

In the Kapagen v3.3, the spark gap has been improved and finely tuned.

The spark is very quiet and weak compared to the previous version with the tungsten rods.

A plasma cloud is created between the gap, there is no audible sound of sparks discharge.

Power OUTPUT/INPUT measured on the Kapagen v3.3

The latest power input measurements is far more accurate than the previous, more tests must be soon conducted...

The purpose of the Kapagen is to suck the free electrons from the Earth. The Earth is a big capacitor which contains free electric charges. If it is possible to create or to find a potential imbalance between two points in the ground, it seems possible to suck additional electrons from the ground and thus to create an increase of the current flow through a wire connected between these two points.

The Kapagen project is still under researches because its principle really worth to be deeply explored......

---

---

Interesting documents :

• The full video of the Tariel Kapanadze generator demo ( AVI 371 Mb )
• The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Tesla's Fuelless Generator by Oliver Nichelson
• A Special Case of Voltage Gain by Oliver Nichelson
• Nikola Tesla's Later Energy Generation Designs by Oliver Nichelson
• An easy experiment which demonstrates the extra power in the Nikola Tesla's bifilar coil.

MIT Lecture videos :

• Displacement current exemple part 1
• Displacement current exemple part 2

Patents :

Independant Energy Device Patent WO2008103129A1 by Tariel Kapanadze June 8, 2007 Publication number: WO2008103129 (A1) Publication date: 2008-08-28 Inventor(s): KAPANADZE TARIEL [GE] + (KAPANADZE, TARIEL) Applicant(s): TURK METIN [TR]; KAPANADZE TARIEL [GE] + (TURK, METIN, ; KAPANADZE, TARIEL) Classification: - international: H02M11/00; H02N11/00; H02M11/00; H02N11/00 - European: H02N11/00D Description of WO 2008103129  (A1) INDEPENDENT ENERGY DEVICE The present invention is a device both self sufficient (self feeding) and producing ready to use electric energy, starts to operate with the initial electrical energy received from accumulator or similar source of energy, transferring the magnetic field generated in first bobbin to second bobbin through a frequency stabilizer, after rhythmically stabilizing the magnetic field occurred between the bobbins; converts the independent energy -received by the second bobbin from the air- to electric energy. Today electric energy can be generated by using various kinds of technologies. In order to summarize some of them; electric energy can be generated through dams, from the motion of waves, by nuclear power plants, by using solar energy, fuel oil, hydroelectric power plants and similar areas through using various technologies. There are different advantages and disadvantages among these various techniques used for generating electric energy. The general purpose of all these techniques is to generate energy cheaper and faster by providing high efficiency. The present invention is improved through using different technologies of today, by less costly way and without harming the nature, and using a very different technique from the above mentioned (present techniques used today). The present invention receives energy externally only at first starting phase. This mentioned energy can be easily generated from a small accumulator or chargeable battery or similar sources. 1 -2 seconds after the device is started, the power switch at the energy input of the device cuts the external electric (from accumulator or similar source of energy) off by generating electric energy. A very few part of this electric energy generated is used by the device to feed itself and the most part is discharged ready to be used. As long as the device is not shut down or no problem occurred inside, the device generates energy consistently. By recent technology, there is no device similar to the present invention producing energy consistently by feeding itself.

• Energy Transformer W2008103130A1 by Tariel Kapanadze August 28, 2008

Read more »

The "Ossie motor" by JL Naudin

The "Ossie motor" has been designed by an Australian friend Ossie Callanan fascinated by free energy researches. Ossie has recently sent and shared with me his new innovative design of this very high efficiency pulse motor. Ossie has also published for free and for the benefit of all through the internet on the overunity forums. The "Ossie motor" is able to run in closed loop during a lot of days and self-charge its own battery, its efficiency is very close to 100% and may be more...
You will find, below, the full construction details and diagram of the "Ossie motor".

---

PROJECT LOG BOOK

Improved self-charging effect with new version 1.2

New Comments from Ossie Callanan: "It is able to RUN INDEFINITELY"...

The "Ossie motor" uses four AIR CORE coils and four NdFeB magnets mounted on a old mechanic from a computer fan.
The blades of the computer fan have been removed and the Neodymium magnets have been fixed with cyanoacrylate glue on the rotor.

Magnets specifications:
4 NdFeB magnets (Bremag 27) of 27 MGoe (208 kJ/m3) polarisation N outward.
Magnet size: diameter 22 mm, 10 mm thick

Coils specifications:
Four AIR CORE coils: Monacor LSIP 180
Inductance : 1.8 mH, Rdc: 0.55 ohm
Outer diameter: 70 mm, Inner diameter: 23 mm, thickness: 30 mm

Rotor specifications:
Old rotor mechanics from a computer fan, diameter = 52 mm
less than 2mm gap beetwen the rotor and the air core coils

Battery: NiMh battery from 1.2 to 6V can be used

In the closed loop test, I have used 4 NiMh cells (4x 1.2v connected in parallel),
Each cell capacity is 2650 mAh, this gives a total of 10600 mAh,
With this battery, the "Ossie motor" is able to self run for a very long time...

Below, the additional components required to build the "Ossie motor"

The BAT 42 is a very low turn on voltage and fast switching Schottky diode (here, the datasheet)
Such a diode is required to reduce voltage drop during the charge of the battery by the motor.

The ceramic resistor 2.2 ohms is used to reduce the current flow in the coils

Above, the voltage across the coils: Timing is very important here, the 1st ILS switch is used to set the start of the pulse, the 2nd ILS switch is used to set the end of the pulse. Shorter the pulse is, better the efficiency is... The CEMF induced in the air coils by the strong Neodymium magnets is used here to charge the battery, so the motor is able to self-charge its own battery through the fast switching and low voltage drop Schottky diodes.

Above, you will find the voltage recorded across the battery in closed loop mode.
To reduce the duration of the battery voltage measurement, I have used a 4.8V NiMh battery (2800 mAh) (photo below),

Parts list for the "Ossie motor" construction

1	An old computer fan with its blades removed
4	Neodymium magnets ( 22 mm diameter and 10 mm thick )
4	Air coils, Monacor LSIP 180 - Inductance : 1.8 mH, Rdc: 0.55 ohm
2	Schottky diodes BAT 42
2	ILS reed switches
1	Ceramic resistor 2.2 ohms
1	High capacity NiMH battery ( from 1.2v to 6 V )

Below the video of the "Ossie motor" in action :

Congratulations and thanks to Ossie Callanan for sharing free his invention for the benefit of all.

---

Additional comments from Ossie

Subject: Re: My new "Ossie motor" is now running well Date: 30/01/2010 08:11:33 Paris, Madrid From: Ossie Callanan To: JNaudin509@aol.com Hi JLN, I have now confirmed that to make a self runner that WILL run INDEFINITELY on the same battery, you must make your input pulse amplitude and pulse width sit inside the generator pulse such that it is virtually masked and unnoticeable!!! But the motor will STILL RUN!!! - My motor and any replication motor can run indefinitely once tuned correctly and the coils have enough turns for the magnet strength and RPM such that the generator voltage is equal to the battery voltage. - Whether you pulse in attraction or repulsion mode does not matter. It works the same. - Please see my latest video below. Note the waveform across the coils for tuning. You need to make sure the input pulse voltage DOES NOT exceed the generator pulse voltage. You need to get your pulse width to fit almost exactly neatly inside the top of the generator pulse such that you can't even make out the input pulse as it is masked inside the generator pulse. Don't worry, the motor will still run when you do this as long as the input pulse width is wide enough but still within the generator pulse. - I am reluctant to say that you can get the battery to charge as well, even though I am doing this also, because it is not easy so until I can work out a simple enough arrangement and circuit for others to replicate a battery charging effect also, I will just say that you can run this motor indefinitely on the same battery with what I have presented so far, fairly easily! I feel this is a huge breakthrough in the understanding of how to tune this motor. Hopefully this will make it a bit easier for others to replicate... Regards, Ossie

---

UPDATE v1.2 :
According to the Ossie's comments above, I have reduced significantly the pulse current by adding two 22 ohms resistors in series with the ILS reed switches and removed the previous 2.2 ohms in serie with the coil. So, the coils are connected directly to the battery through the Schottky diodes and thus the charging effect is better while the current spent for the pulse is significantly reduced.... See the new diagram v1.2 below :

TEST RESULTS

Woow... The result is indeniable, the "Ossie motor" still turns at full speed and continue to produce a strong CEMF to contribute to the charge of the battery while shape of the pulse begins insignificant compared of the level of the CEMF. Only the start and the end of pulse spikes can be observed... See the scope picture below :

In this case the "Ossie motor" is able to run itself for a lot of hours...

Below the video of the "Ossie motor" v1.2 in action :

After the long week test run in closed loop,
the NiMh battery has been recharged and 3028 mA have been reloaded.

So, it is interesting to notice that during this long test run, the "Ossie motor" v1.2 has needed less than 20 mA per hour to run at full speed... If we take in account the self discharge, non negligible, of the NiMh battery and the mechanical losses, we can say that this motor is very efficient...

Below, a new version v1.3 for an improved charge of the battery with a full Schottky diodes rectifier (Thanks to futuristic). With this new version 1.3, equiped with a full bridge schottky rectifier, the improvement of the charge of the battery will give us some very promising results...

The "Ossie motor" is a very efficient pulse motor, not yet OU, but with a COP very close to 1...

Read more »